{"id":10549,"date":"2026-10-07T08:51:48","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T06:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/great-artmag.com\/?p=10549"},"modified":"2026-10-07T08:56:16","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T06:56:16","slug":"jean-zay-theatre-essaion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/great-artmag.com\/en\/jean-zay-theatre-essaion\/","title":{"rendered":"Jean Zay \u00e0 l\u2019Essa\u00efon : Le voyage au-del\u00e0 des murs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Au th\u00e9\u00e2tre Essa\u00efon \u00e0 Paris, Jean Zay, l\u2019Homme complet<\/em> fait revivre un homme d\u2019\u00c9tat dont les r\u00e9formes r\u00e9sonnent particuli\u00e8rement aujourd’hui. Seul en sc\u00e8ne, Xavier B\u00e9ja incarne le ministre du Front populaire emprisonn\u00e9 \u00e0 Riom (Auvergne) pendant la guerre. <\/strong>La pi\u00e8ce s\u2019appuie sur ses magnifiques \u00e9crits de prison. Elle raconte aussi l\u2019\u00e9tonnante modernit\u00e9 de sa pens\u00e9e. Et le vertige d\u2019un destin bris\u00e9 par la barbarie. <\/b>Jusqu’au 16 f\u00e9vrier 2027.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Portrait de Jean Zay, ministre de l’\u00c9ducation nationale est des Beaux-arts en 1936<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Portrait de Jean Zay, un ministre qui voulait ouvrir les portes<\/h3>\n

Il y a quelque chose de troublant \u00e0 entendre parler de Jean Zay aujourd\u2019hui. En 1936, nomm\u00e9 ministre de l\u2019\u00c9ducation nationale et des Beaux-Arts par L\u00e9on Blum, il n\u2019a que 31 ans. Il veut rendre l\u2019\u00e9cole et la culture accessibles au plus grand nombre. Il porte la scolarit\u00e9 obligatoire de 13 \u00e0 14 ans. Il d\u00e9veloppe le sport \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole. Il favorise les activit\u00e9s de plein air. Il encourage les sorties au th\u00e9\u00e2tre et au mus\u00e9e. Il veut aussi rapprocher l\u2019\u00e9cole de la culture. Son action d\u00e9passe largement l\u2019\u00e9cole. Il pr\u00e9pare la cr\u00e9ation du CNRS. Il porte le projet d\u2019une \u00c9cole Nationale d\u2019Administration. Il d\u00e9fend les auteurs et trouve le budget aupr\u00e8s de la Poste pour financer le droit d\u2019auteur. Il soutient les mus\u00e9es, la lecture publique, le th\u00e9\u00e2tre et le cin\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n

Jean Zay participe \u00e0 la pr\u00e9paration du premier Festival de Cannes. Avec Albert Sarraut, ministre de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur, tous deux soutiennent l\u2019id\u00e9e selon laquelle l\u2019Europe doit se doter d\u2019un festival de cin\u00e9ma o\u00f9 l\u2019art ne serait pas influenc\u00e9 par les man\u0153uvres politiques. En juin 1939, les m\u00e9dias annoncent l\u2019ouverture du festival pr\u00e9vue le 1er septembre, en m\u00eame temps que la Mostra. Il ne reste alors que quelques mois pour pr\u00e9parer la manifestation.<\/p>\n

Puis vient la guerre. En 1940, Vichy condamne Jean Zay \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuit\u00e9. Il est enferm\u00e9 \u00e0 Riom. Quatre ans plus tard, le 20 juin 1944, des miliciens l\u2019assassinent dans l\u2019Allier. Il n\u2019a pas 40 ans. Son corps est retrouv\u00e9 dans un foss\u00e9 deux ans plus tard. C\u2019est tout cela que la pi\u00e8ce fait surgir. Un homme qui voulait ouvrir les portes de l\u2019\u00e9cole, des mus\u00e9es et des th\u00e9\u00e2tres se retrouve derri\u00e8re celles d\u2019une prison.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Xavier B\u00e9ja est \u00e9galement connu pour ses talents de com\u00e9dien de doublage, notamment la voix embl\u00e9matique fran\u00e7aise du roi Viserys Targaryen dans House of the Dragon.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Xavier B\u00e9ja, seul face aux murs<\/h3>\n

La force du spectacle tient d\u2019abord \u00e0 son interpr\u00e8te. Xavier B\u00e9ja appara\u00eet seul. Son visage est tourment\u00e9. Son corps porte la fatigue de l\u2019enfermement. Il ne cherche pas \u00e0 fabriquer une statue de Jean Zay. Il donne chair \u00e0 un homme qui doute, souffre, se souvient et continue de penser.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Le d\u00e9cor sign\u00e9 Jean Pasacud du bureau de Jean Zay \u00e0 l’h\u00f4tel de Rochechouart.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La vo\u00fbte en pierre de l\u2019Essa\u00efon se pr\u00eate parfaitement \u00e0 cette mise en sc\u00e8ne. Elle devient la prison de Riom. Un d\u00e9cor bien \u00e9loign\u00e9 de celui qu\u2019avait connu Jean Zay dans son cabinet minist\u00e9riel. En 1934, Jean Pascaud livre la Suite \u00ab Dieppe \u00bb pour le paquebot Normandie. En 1937, Jean Zay lui commande l\u2019am\u00e9nagement de son cabinet dans l\u2019h\u00f4tel de Rochechouart \u00e0 Paris. Le contraste entre le raffinement Art d\u00e9co de Pascaud et les murs de pierre de l\u2019Essa\u00efon mat\u00e9rialise la chute du ministre, pass\u00e9 des lieux du pouvoir \u00e0 la cellule.<\/p>\n

La mise en sc\u00e8ne de Michel Cochet trouve un \u00e9crin singulier \u00e0 l\u2019Essa\u00efon. La salle, install\u00e9e dans cette ancienne cave m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, construite en pierre, mesure sept pas sur sept. Elle devient naturellement la prison de Riom. Le spectateur se retrouve enferm\u00e9 avec le personnage.<\/p>\n

\""Souvenirs
“Souvenirs et solitude” de Jean Zay (\u00e9ditions Alpha)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Souvenirs et solitude<\/em><\/h3>\n

Le texte puise dans Souvenirs et solitude<\/i>, le journal que Jean Zay \u00e9crit pendant sa captivit\u00e9. Une phrase r\u00e9sume peut-\u00eatre toute la pi\u00e8ce : \u00ab La condamnation \u00e0 l\u2019impuissance, voil\u00e0 le trait le plus cruel de la prison. \u00bb Il poursuit : \u00ab La nuit est couleur de tristesse. \u00bb Des mots qui donnent au spectacle sa mati\u00e8re intime.<\/p>\n

La premi\u00e8re partie de la pi\u00e8ce est tr\u00e8s sombre. Peut-\u00eatre un peu trop longue pour quelqu’un qui se nourrit d’optimisme. Il faut n\u00e9anmoins comprendre ce choix. Le personnage vient d\u2019\u00eatre condamn\u00e9. Il d\u00e9couvre l\u2019absurdit\u00e9 de son sort. Jean Zay convoque m\u00eame Baudelaire et ses images de ciel et de mer d\u2019encre.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Si le ciel et la mer sont noirs comme de l’encre, <\/em>Nos c\u0153urs que tu connais sont remplis de rayons !<\/em> \u00bb
\nLe Voyage, Baudelaire<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Jean Zay : un destin foudroy\u00e9<\/h3>\n

Puis la pi\u00e8ce bascule. Jean Zay se souvient. Et avec ses souvenirs revient le mouvement de sa vie. Il raconte son action au minist\u00e8re. Il \u00e9voque la protection des \u0153uvres d\u2019art \u00e0 la veille de la guerre. Les tableaux du Louvre sont \u00e9vacu\u00e9s. Les vitraux de Notre-Dame, de Chartres, de Reims, de Troyes, de Metz et de la Sainte-Chapelle sont d\u00e9pos\u00e9s et mis \u00e0 l\u2019abri. Les \u0153uvres d\u2019art sont d\u00e9plac\u00e9es pour \u00e9chapper aux bombardements. La parole retrouve alors de l\u2019espace. L\u2019homme enferm\u00e9 redevient celui qui voulait prot\u00e9ger, transmettre, \u00e9duquer. Celui qui pensait que la culture pouvait \u00e9manciper. C\u2019est aussi l\u00e0 que le titre prend tout son sens. L\u2019Homme complet<\/i>. Celui que la prison tente de r\u00e9duire \u00e0 l\u2019impuissance continue d\u2019exister par la pens\u00e9e, les souvenirs et l\u2019\u00e9criture.<\/p>\n

\"\"Au bout d\u20191h15, le spectateur sort avec une \u00e9trange sensation. De la tristesse, bien s\u00fbr. Mais aussi un certain d\u00e9semparement. Comment un homme qui avait consacr\u00e9 sa vie \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole, \u00e0 la culture et aux \u0153uvres d\u2019art a-t-il pu finir assassin\u00e9 par des Fran\u00e7ais ? Pr\u00e8s de 90 ans apr\u00e8s sa nomination au gouvernement de L\u00e9on Blum, Jean Zay nous renvoie \u00e0 une question toujours actuelle. Que faisons-nous de ceux qui veulent transmettre ? Que devient une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 lorsque la culture, l\u2019\u00e9ducation et la pens\u00e9e cessent d\u2019\u00eatre des biens communs ?<\/p>\n

> R\u00e9servation https:\/\/essaion-theatre.com\/spectacle\/jean-zay-l-homme-complet\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au th\u00e9\u00e2tre Essa\u00efon \u00e0 Paris, Jean Zay, l\u2019Homme complet fait revivre un homme d\u2019\u00c9tat dont les r\u00e9formes r\u00e9sonnent particuli\u00e8rement aujourd’hui. Seul en sc\u00e8ne, Xavier B\u00e9ja incarne le ministre du Front populaire emprisonn\u00e9 \u00e0 Riom (Auvergne) pendant la guerre. La pi\u00e8ce s\u2019appuie sur ses magnifiques \u00e9crits de prison. Elle raconte aussi l\u2019\u00e9tonnante modernit\u00e9 de sa pens\u00e9e. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10550,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1334],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10549","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-theatre-spectacles_vivants"],"yoast_head":"\nJean Zay \u00e0 l\u2019Essa\u00efon : Le voyage au-del\u00e0 des murs - GREAT-ARTMAG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Au th\u00e9\u00e2tre Essa\u00efon \u00e0 Paris, Jean Zay, l\u2019Homme complet fait revivre un homme d\u2019\u00c9tat dont les r\u00e9formes r\u00e9sonnent particuli\u00e8rement aujourd'hui.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/great-artmag.com\/en\/jean-zay-theatre-essaion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jean Zay \u00e0 l\u2019Essa\u00efon : Le voyage au-del\u00e0 des murs - 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